{"id":15,"date":"2020-04-14T13:11:14","date_gmt":"2020-04-14T05:11:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/python.vvipblog.com\/uncategorized\/15.html"},"modified":"2020-04-14T13:11:14","modified_gmt":"2020-04-14T05:11:14","slug":"python-python%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8bpython-python%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b%e4%b8%80-%e5%86%99%e5%9c%a8%e5%89%8d%e9%9d%a2chap-1-%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%e7%9f%a5%e8%af%86chap2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.vvipblog.com\/?p=15","title":{"rendered":"python | Python\u57fa\u7840\u6559\u7a0bpython"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>\u4e00 \u5199\u5728\u524d\u9762<\/h1>\n<p><strong>\u672a\u7ecf\u5141\u8bb8\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u8f6c\u8f7d\uff0c\u8c22\u8c22~~<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u63a5\u89e6Python\u5e94\u8be5\u6709\u4e00\u5e74\u591a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4e86\uff0c\u51ed\u501f\u7740C++\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u8ba4\u771f\u5730\u7cfb\u7edf\u5730\u5b66\u4e60\u8fc7Python\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0a\u624b\u4e86~<\/p>\n<p>\u76ee\u524d\u7528\u7684\u8fd8\u7b97\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u4f46\u603b\u89c9\u5f97\u4e0d\u591f\uff0c\u90fd\u8bf4\u78e8\u5200\u4e0d\u8bef\u780d\u6750\u5de5\uff0c\u611f\u89c9\u8fd8\u662f\u5f88\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u5730\u5b66\u4e60\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u4e3b\u8981\u53c2\u8003\u4e66\u672c\uff1aMagnus Lie Hetland\u8457\uff0c\u53f8\u7ef4\u7b49\u4eba\u8bd1\u7684<strong>Python\u57fa\u7840\u6559\u7a0b<\/strong>\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u505a\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u54e6\uff0c\u50cfpython\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u52a0\u51cf\u6cd5\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5c31\u4e0d\u5199\u4e0a\u6765\u6d6a\u8d39\u5927\u5bb6\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4e86\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u592a\u7ec6\u8282\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u4e5f\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u518d\u53bb\u5b66\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<h1>chap 1 \u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6<\/h1>\n<h2>1.1 \u57fa\u7840\u6570\u5b57\u548c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>\u7b97\u6570\u8868\u8fbe<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u9664\u6cd5\uff1a<code>\/<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u6574\u9664\uff1a<code>\/\/<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u53d6\u4f59\uff1a<code>%<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u53d8\u91cf<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>python\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u975e\u5e38\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u62ec\u5b57\u6bcd\u3001\u6570\u5b57\u548c\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee5\u6570\u5b57\u5f00\u5934\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>\u51fd\u6570<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5e38\u7528\u5185\u5efa\u51fd\u6570\u4f8b\u5982:<code>abs()<\/code> <code>pow()<\/code> <code>round()<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li>\u6a21\u5757<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u76f4\u63a5\u5bfc\u5165\u6a21\u5757 <code>import model<\/code>,\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528<code>model.function<\/code>\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570<\/li>\n<li>\u76f4\u63a5\u5bfc\u5165\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570<code>from model import function<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>1.2 \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8868\u793a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><code>str()<\/code>: \u628a\u503c\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u5408\u7406\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/li>\n<li><code>repr()<\/code>\uff1a\u4ee5\u5408\u6cd5\u7684python\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6765\u8868\u793a\u503c\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u8f93\u5165<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><code>input(\uff09<\/code>: \u5047\u8bbe\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u662f\u5408\u6cd5\u7684python\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>raw_input()<\/code>\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u5f53\u6210\u539f\u59cb\u8f93\u5165\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>\u957f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8868\u793a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7528\u4e09\u4e2a\u5f15\u53f7<code>'''<\/code>\u4ee3\u66ff\u666e\u901a\u5f15\u53f7\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u6216\u8005\u4e00\u884c\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u662f\u53cd\u659c\u7ebf<code><\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li>\u539f\u59cb\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5c31\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u8f6c\u4e49\u5b57\u7b26\u4e0d\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u8be5\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u539f\u59cb\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4ee5<code>r<\/code>\u5f00\u5934\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1>chap2 \u5217\u8868\u548c\u5143\u7956<\/h1>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u533a\u522b\u5728\u4e8e<strong>\u5217\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u800c\u5143\u7956\u4e0d\u80fd<\/strong>\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u5e8f\u5217\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>2.1 \u901a\u7528\u5e8f\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u7d22\u5f15\u3001\u5206\u7247\u3001\u52a0\u3001\u4e58\u3001\u68c0\u67e5\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u9664\u6b64\uff0cpython\u8fd8\u5177\u6709\u8ba1\u7b97\u5e8f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\u3001\u627e\u51fa\u6700\u5927\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5185\u5efa\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li>\u7d22\u5f15<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5c31\u662f\u7531\u5b57\u7b26\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u4e3a\u4f8b:<code>greeting='Hello'<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u7d22\u5f15\u503c\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u65700\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c<code>greeting[0]='H'<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u8d1f\u6570\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u4ece\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570-1\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c<code>greeting[-1]='o'<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u5206\u7247<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e00\u5b9a\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u901a\u8fc7<code>:<\/code>\u76f8\u9694\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u7d22\u5f15\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>numbers=[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7]<\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>numbers[3:6]=[3,4,5]<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7d22\u5f15\u503c\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u8fb9\u754c\u5185\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u7d22\u5f15\u503c\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u8fb9\u754c\u5185\uff1b\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u4f8b\uff1a\u8bbf\u95ee\u6700\u540e3\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20<code>numbers[-3:-1]<\/code> \u6216\u8005\u76f4\u63a5<code>numbers[-3:]<\/code>,\u5c06\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f6e\u7a7a\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u6b65\u957f\u90fd\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a1\u7684\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u663e\u793a\u6307\u5b9a\u6b65\u957f\uff1a<code>numbers[1:6:2]<\/code> \u4ece\u7b2c1\u4e2a(\u5305\u62ec)\u5230\u7b2c6\u4e2a(\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec)\u4e2d\u6bcf2\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u663e\u793a\u6307\u5b9a\u8d1f\u6b65\u957f\uff1a<code>numbers[6:1:-2]<\/code>\u4ece\u7b2c6\u4e2a(\u5305\u62ec)\u5230\u7b2c1\u4e2a(\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec)\u6bcf2\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>\u5e8f\u5217\u76f8\u52a0<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><code>+<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u5e8f\u5217\u76f8\u52a0\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u4f46\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u540c\u4e2a\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li>\u4e58\u6cd5<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><code>'hello'*3=\u2018hellohellohello\u2019<\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>[21]*3=[21,21,21]<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7a7a\u5217\u8868\uff1a<code>sequence=[None]*10<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"5\">\n<li>\u6210\u5458\u8d44\u683c<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u68c0\u67e5\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u5426\u5728\u5185<\/li>\n<li><code>in<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u5219\u8fd4\u56de<code>True<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u4e0d\u5728\u5219\u8fd4\u56de<code>False<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"6\">\n<li>\u957f\u5ea6\u3001\u6700\u5927\u503c\u548c\u6700\u5c0f\u503c<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>python\u7684\u5185\u5efa\u51fd\u6570<\/li>\n<li><code>len()<\/code> \u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u6240\u542b\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>min()<\/code> \u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u6700\u5c0f\u503c\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>max()<\/code>\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u503c\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>2.2 \u5217\u8868\uff1apython\u7684\u2018\u82e6\u529b\u2019<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5217\u8868\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u5143\u7956\u548c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff1a\u5217\u8868\u662f\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li>list\u51fd\u6570<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><code>list()<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u521b\u5efa\u5217\u8868\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u4f8b\uff1a<code>list['hello']=['h','e','l','l','o']<\/code>;<\/li>\n<li>list\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5217\u8868\u64cd\u4f5c<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6240\u6709\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u7d22\u5f15\u3001\u5206\u7247\u3001\u52a0\u3001\u4e58\u3001\u957f\u5ea6\u7b49\u5217\u8868\u90fd\u9002\u7528\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u4e00\u4e9b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u53d8\u5217\u8868\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u5143\u7d20\u8d4b\u503c\u3001\u5143\u7d20\u5220\u9664\u3001\u5206\u7247\u8d4b\u503c\u3001\u5217\u8868\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u5143\u7d20\u8d4b\u503c\uff1a<code>x[1]=2<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u5220\u9664\u8d4b\u503c\uff1a<code>del x[1]<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u5206\u7247\u8d4b\u503c\uff1a<code>x[2:]=list('hello')<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u5217\u8868\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4e0e\u67d0\u4e9b\u5bf9\u8c61\u6709\u7d27\u5bc6\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<code>\u5bf9\u8c61.\u65b9\u6cd5()<\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>.append()<\/code> \u5728\u5217\u8868\u672b\u672a\u8ffd\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>.count()<\/code> \u7edf\u8ba1\u67d0\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u6b21\u6570\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>.extend()<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u65b0\u5217\u8868\u6269\u5c55\u539f\u6709\u5217\u8868\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>.index()<\/code> \u627e\u51fa\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e2a\u503c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5339\u914d\u9879\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>.insert()<\/code> \u5c06\u5bf9\u8c61\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>.pop()<\/code> \u79fb\u9664\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u5143\u7d20\u503c\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528<code>.append()<\/code>\u548c<code>.pop()<\/code>\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u6808\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>.remove()<\/code> \u79fb\u9664\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e2a\u503c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5339\u914d\u9879\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>.reserve()<\/code> \u5c06\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u53cd\u5411\u5b58\u653e\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>.sort()<\/code>\u5728<strong>\u539f\u6765\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a<\/strong>\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u7559\u539f\u6765\u7684x\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7528<code>y=x[:]<\/code>\u6df1\u5ea6\u590d\u5236x\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5bf9y\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u6ce8\u610f<code>y=x<\/code>\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u6d45\u590d\u5236\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>2.3 \u5143\u7956\uff1a\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u5e8f\u5217<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u7528\u9017\u53f7\u5206\u9694\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u503c\uff0c\u5c31\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u5143\u7956\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>1,2,3=(1,2,3)<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u5143\u7956\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5706\u62ec\u53f7\u62ec\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7a7a\u5143\u7956\uff1a<code>()<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u7684\u5143\u7956\uff1a<code>42,=(42,)<\/code> \u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u9017\u53f7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li>tuple\u51fd\u6570<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e0e\u5217\u8868\u7684list\u51fd\u6570\u57fa\u672c\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u628a\u5e8f\u5217\u505a\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5143\u7956<\/li>\n<li><code>tuple([1,2,3])=(1,2,3)<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u57fa\u672c\u5143\u7956\u64cd\u4f5c<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u521b\u5efa\u5143\u7956\uff1a<code>x=1,2,3<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7956\uff1a<code>x[1]<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>\u53ef\u5426\u66ff\u4ee3<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u4e8bsequence\u90fd\u7531list\u6ee1\u8db3\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u4f46\u662f\u5143\u7956\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6620\u5c04\u4e2d\u5f53\u6210\u952e\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u5217\u8868\u4e0d\u884c\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u5143\u7956\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f88\u591a\u5185\u5efa\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u5bf9\u5143\u7956\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1>chap3 \u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/h1>\n<h2>3.1 \u57fa\u672c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6240\u6709\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u7d22\u5f15\u3001\u5206\u7247\u3001\u52a0\u3001\u4e58\u3001\u957f\u5ea6\u3001\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u6700\u5c0f\u7b49\u5bf9\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u90fd\u9002\u7528\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u4f46\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>3.2 \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u683c\u5f0f\u5316<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><code>%s<\/code> \u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u6210\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/li>\n<li><code>%f<\/code> \u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u6210\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570<\/li>\n<li><code>%.3f<\/code> \u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u6210\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u4fdd\u75593\u4f4d\u5c0f\u6570<\/li>\n<li><code>%C<\/code> \u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u6210\u5355\u5b57\u7b26<\/li>\n<li><code>%i<\/code> \u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u6210\u5e26\u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u6574\u6570<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>3.3 \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><code>.find()<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u957f\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u5b50\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5b50\u4e32\u6240\u5728\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u6700\u5de6\u7aef\u7d22\u5f15\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u82e5\u6ca1\u6709\u5219\u8fd4\u56de-1\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u8d77\u59cb\u548c\u7ec8\u6b62\u503c\u6240\u5728\u7684\u8303\u56f4\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><code>join()<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u662f<code>split()<\/code>\u7684\u9006\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u961f\u5217\u5143\u7d20\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u4f8b\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code>seq=['1','2','3']\nsep='+'\nsep.join(seq)\n# seq='1+2+3'\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><code>lower()<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u7248\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li><code>replace()<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8fd4\u56de\u67d0\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5339\u914d\u9879\u519b\u5907\u66ff\u6362\u540e\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>.replace('\u7b49\u5f85\u66ff\u6362','\u6700\u65b0\u66ff\u6362')<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"5\">\n<li><code>split()<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><code>join()<\/code>\u7684\u9006\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5206\u5272\u6210\u5e8f\u5217\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>.split('')<\/code>\u5206\u5272\u4ee5<code><\/code>\u4e3a\u754c\u9650\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"6\">\n<li><code>strip()<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8fd4\u56de\u53bb\u9664\u4e24\u4fa7\uff08\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u5185\u90e8\uff09\u7a7a\u683c\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/li>\n<li>\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u53bb\u9664\u4e24\u7aef\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c<code>.stripe('\u4e24\u7aef\u5f85\u53bb\u9664\u7684')<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6bcf\u5929\u66f4\u65b0\u4e00\u70b9\u70b9~~~~<\/p>\n<h1>chap4 \u5b57\u5178<\/h1>\n<ul>\n<li>\u901a\u8fc7\u540d\u5b57\u5f15\u7528\u503c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u5b57\u5178\u662fpython\u4e2d\u552f\u4e00\u5185\u5efa\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u7c7b\u578b\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u503c\u6ca1\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u90fd\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u952ekey\u4e2d\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u952e\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6570\u5b57\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u5143\u7956\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>4.1 \u521b\u5efa\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><code>phonebook={'alice':'2341', 'beh':'9021'}<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u5b57\u5178\u7531\u591a\u4e2a\u952e\u4e0e\u5176\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\u6240\u6784\u6210\u7684\u5bf9\u7ec4\u6210<\/li>\n<li>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u952e\u548c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\u7528<code>:<\/code>\u9694\u5f00<\/li>\n<li>\u5411\u4e4b\u95f4\u7528<code>,<\/code>\u9694\u5f00<\/li>\n<li>\u5b57\u5178\u7531\u4e00\u7ec4<code>{}<\/code>\u62ec\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7a7a\u5b57\u5178\uff1a<code>{}<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5176\u503c\u5e76\u4e0d\u552f\u4e00\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>4.2 dict\u51fd\u6570<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u6620\u5c04\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u5176\u4ed6\u5b57\u5178\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u8005\uff08\u952e\uff0c\u503c\uff09\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u5bf9\u5efa\u7acb\u5b57\u5178\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4f8b\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code>items=[('name','alice'),('age',12)]\nd=dict(items)\nprint(d['name'])\n# 'alice'\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>4.3 \u57fa\u672c\u5b57\u5178\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h2>\n<p>\u5f88\u591a\u884c\u4e3a\u90fd\u4e0e\u5e8f\u5217\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>len(d)<\/code> \u8fd4\u56de\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u91cf\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>d[k]<\/code> \u8fd4\u56de\u952e\u503c\u4e3ak\u7684\u503c\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>d[k]=v<\/code> \u7ed9d[k]\u8d4b\u503c\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>del d[k]<\/code> \u5220\u9664\u952e\u4e3ak\u7684\u9879\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>k in d<\/code> \u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u6709\u952e\u503c\u4e3ak\u7684\u9879\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>4.4 \u5b57\u5178\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><code>.clear()<\/code> \u6e05\u9664\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u9879\uff0c\u4e14\u4e3a\u539f\u5730\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0cin-place operation\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>.copy()<\/code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d45\u590d\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528copy\u7684<code>deepcopy()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u5b8c\u6210\u6df1\u590d\u5236\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>.fromkeys()<\/code> \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u952e\u5efa\u7acb\u65b0\u7684\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u952e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\u4e3anone\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>.get()<\/code> \u5f53\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u952e\u503c\u65f6\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230None\u503c\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>.items()<\/code> \u5c06\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u7528\u5217\u8868\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u9879\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u9879\u90fd\u6765\u81ea\uff08\u952e\uff0c\u503c\uff09\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>.iteritems()<\/code> \u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5217\u8868\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>.keys()<\/code>\u548c<code>.iterkeys()<\/code> \u5206\u522b\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u952e\u4ee5\u5217\u8868\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u548c\u8fd4\u56de\u9488\u5bf9\u952e\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>.values()<\/code>\u548c<code>.itervalues()<\/code> \u5206\u522b\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u503c\u4ee5\u5217\u8868\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u548c\u8fd4\u56de\u9488\u5bf9\u503c\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>.pop()<\/code> \u83b7\u53d6\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u7ed9\u5b9a\u952e\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u952e-\u503c\u5bf9\u4ece\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u79fb\u9664\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>.popitem()<\/code> \u5f39\u51fa\u968f\u673a\u7684\u9879\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>.update()<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\u9879\u66f4\u65b0\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1>chap5 \u6761\u4ef6\u3001\u5faa\u73af\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed\u53e5<\/h1>\n<h2>5.1 print\u548cimport\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5728\u7528print\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u7528<code>,<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f93\u51fa\u591a\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/li>\n<li>import\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bfc\u5165\u6574\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528<code>as<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u8d77\u522b\u540d\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>5.2 \u8d4b\u503c\u7684\u591a\u79cd\u7528\u6cd5<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5e8f\u5217\u89e3\u5305<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u591a\u4e2a\u8d4b\u503c\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\uff1a<code>x,y,x=1,2,3<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u4e2a\u6216\u66f4\u591a\u53d8\u91cf: <code>x,y=y,x<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u5f53\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u8005\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de\u5143\u7956\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\u5c31\u4f1a\u7279\u522b\u6709\u7528\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u94fe\u5f0f\u8d4b\u503c<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u94fe\u5f0f\u8d4b\u503c\u662f\u5c06\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u8d4b\u503c\u8d4b\u7ed9\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6377\u5f84\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>x=y=sonfunctions()<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>\u589e\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5c06<code>x=x+1<\/code>\u5199\u6210<code>x+=1<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>5.3 \u8bed\u53e5\u5757\uff1a\u7f29\u6392\u7684\u4e50\u8da3<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>python\u6ca1\u6709\u50cfC++\u8fd9\u6837\u7684{}\u6765\u8868\u793a\u8bed\u53e5\u5757<\/li>\n<li>\u90fd\u7528\u7f29\u8fdb\u6765\u8868\u793a\u8bed\u53e5\u5757<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>5.4 \u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>\u771f\u5047\u5224\u65ad<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u503c\u90fd\u4e3a\u5047\uff1a<code>False<\/code> <code>None<\/code> <code>0<\/code> <code>\"\"<\/code> <code>()<\/code> <code>[]<\/code> <code>{}<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u9664\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0a\u90fd\u4e3a\u771f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u6761\u4ef6\u6267\u884c\u548cif\u8bed\u53e5<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><code>if<\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>elif<\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>else<\/code><\/li>\n<li>if\u8bed\u53e5\u91cc\u9762\u53ef\u4ee5\u5d4c\u5957if\u8bed\u53e5<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6761\u4ef6<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><code>x==y<\/code> x\u7b49\u4e8ey<\/li>\n<li><code>x&lt;y<\/code> <code>x&gt;y<\/code> <code>x&lt;=y<\/code> <code>x&gt;=y<\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>x!=y<\/code> x\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8ey<\/li>\n<li><code>x is y<\/code> x\u548cy\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61<\/li>\n<li><code>x is not y<\/code> x\u548cy\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61<\/li>\n<li><code>x in y<\/code> x\u662fy\u7684\u6210\u5458<\/li>\n<li><code>x not in y<\/code> x\u4e0d\u662fy\u7684\u6210\u5458<\/li>\n<li>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6309\u7167\u5b57\u6bcd\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83<\/li>\n<li><code>and<\/code> \u6761\u4ef6\u540c\u65f6\u6210\u7acb<\/li>\n<li><code>or<\/code> \u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u6210\u7acb<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li>\u65ad\u8a00<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><code>assert<\/code> \u8bed\u53e5\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7f6e\u5165\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9519\u8bef\u5c31\u4e2d\u65ad\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5e76\u7ed9\u51fa\u63d0\u793a\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>5.5 \u5faa\u73af<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5e38\u7528\u8bed\u53e5<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><code>while<\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>for<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528for\u5c31\u5c3d\u91cf\u4e0d\u7528while<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fed\u4ee3\u5de5\u5177: <strong>zip\u5e76\u884c\u8fed\u4ee3<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><code>zip<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5e76\u884c\u8fed\u4ee3\uff0c\u628a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e8f\u5217\u538b\u7f29\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7956\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u591a\u4e2a\u5e8f\u5217<\/li>\n<li>\u53e6\u5916\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0d\u7b49\u957f\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u6700\u77ed\u7684\u7528\u5b8c\u4ee5\u540e\u5c31\u505c\u6b62<\/li>\n<li>\u4f8b\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code>names=['alice','ivy']\nages=['12','18']\nzip(names,ages)\nfor name, age in zip(names,ages):\n     print(name,age)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fed\u4ee3\u5de5\u5177: <strong>enumerate\u7f16\u53f7\u8fed\u4ee3<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u60f3\u8981\u8fed\u4ee3\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u503c\u65f6\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u4f8b\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code>for index,string in enumerate(strings):\n      if `xxx` in string:\n           strings[index]='new'\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li>\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fed\u4ee3\u5de5\u5177: <strong>\u7ffb\u8f6c\u548c\u6392\u5e8f\u8fed\u4ee3<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><code>reversed<\/code>\u548c<code>sorted<\/code> \u8fd4\u56de\u7ffb\u8f6c\u6216\u8005\u6392\u5e8f\u540e\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"5\">\n<li>\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><code>break<\/code> \u8df3\u51fa\uff08\u7ed3\u675f\uff09\u5faa\u73af\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>continue<\/code> \u8df3\u51fa\u5269\u4f59\u5faa\u73af\u4f53\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u7ed3\u675f\u5faa\u73af\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u7528<code>while<\/code>\u65b9\u5f0f\u6839\u636e\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u7ed3\u675f\u5faa\u73af\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>5.6 \u5217\u8868\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5217\u8868\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0flist comprehension\u662f\u5229\u7528\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u5217\u8868\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u5217\u8868<\/li>\n<li>\u4f8b\uff1a<code>[x*x for x in range(10)]<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u4f8b\uff1a<code>[x*x for x in range(10) if x % 3==0]<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u4f8b\uff1a <code>[(x,y) for x in range(3) for y in range(3)]<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u4f7f\u7528<code>[]<\/code>\u65b9\u62ec\u53f7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>5.7 \u8865\u5145<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><code>pass<\/code> \u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u4e0d\u505a\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5360\u4f4d<\/li>\n<li><code>del<\/code> \u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>del<\/code>\u5220\u9664\u67d0\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u662f\u5220\u9664\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u5220\u9664\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u503c\uff0c python\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u505a\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>exec<\/code>\u548c<code>eval<\/code>\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u5e38\u7528\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1>chap 6 \u62bd\u8c61\uff1a\u51fd\u6570<\/h1>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5373\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u8bed\u53e5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6210\u51fd\u6570\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>6.1 \u521b\u5efa\u51fd\u6570<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><code>def functionname(params)<\/code>\u521b\u5efa\u540d\u4e3afunctionname\u7684\u51fd\u6570<\/li>\n<li>\u7ed9\u51fd\u6570\u589e\u52a0\u5907\u6ce8\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u7528<code>#<\/code>\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\u7528<code>''<\/code>\u4e24\u4e2a\u5355\u5f15\u53f7\u91cc\u9762\u5199\u5165\u5bf9\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4f1a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u8fdb\u884c\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u6587\u6863\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8c03\u7528<code>functionname.__doc__<\/code>\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6587\u6863\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>6.2 \u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u666e\u901a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u6309\u7167\u987a\u5e8f\u7ed9\u5b9a<\/li>\n<li>\u6216\u8005\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u7ed9\u5b9a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u7528\u7ba1\u53c2\u6570\u987a\u5e8f<\/li>\n<li><code>*params<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u7684\u503c\u653e\u7f6e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a<strong>\u5143\u7956<\/strong>\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u503c\u6536\u96c6\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>*<\/code>\u7684\u610f\u601d\u5c31\u662f\u6536\u96c6\u5176\u4f59\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4efb\u4f55\u4f9b\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0cparams\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u5143\u7956<code>()<\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>**parmas<\/code>\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u5c31\u662f\u80fd\u5904\u7406\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u6536\u96c6\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c06\u5173\u952e\u5b57-\u503c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9879\u6536\u96c6\u6210<strong>\u5b57\u5178<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5177\u4f53\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u535a\u5ba2\uff1aPython \u4e2d\u51fd\u6570\u7684 \u6536\u96c6\u53c2\u6570 \u673a\u5236<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1>chap 7 \u66f4\u52a0\u62bd\u8c61\uff1a\u7c7b<\/h1>\n<ul>\n<li>\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e09\u5927\u7279\u6027\uff1a\u591a\u6001\u3001\u5c01\u88c5\u3001\u7ee7\u627f<\/li>\n<li>\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7c7b\uff1a<code>class className:<\/code>, \u7136\u540e\u5728\u91cc\u9762\u7528<code>def<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>self<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u503c\u5f97\u662f\u5bf9\u8c61\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u8fd9\u70b9\u5728\u7c7b\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>self<\/code>\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u662f\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u533a\u522b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1>chap8 \u5f02\u5e38<\/h1>\n<ul>\n<li>python\u7528\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u8868\u793a\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u9047\u5230\u9519\u8bef\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u5f02\u5e38\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61\u672a\u88ab\u5904\u7406\u6216\u8005\u6293\u6355\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c31\u4f1a\u7528\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u56de\u6eaf(traceback)\u7ec8\u6b62\u6267\u884c\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>8.1 \u4e00\u4e9b\u5185\u5efa\u5f02\u5e38<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><code>Exception<\/code> : \u6240\u6709\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u57fa\u7c7b<\/li>\n<li><code>AttributeError<\/code> : \u7279\u6027\u5f15\u7528\u6216\u8d4b\u503c\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\u5f15\u53d1<\/li>\n<li><code>IOError<\/code>: \u8bd5\u56fe\u6253\u5f00\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6<\/li>\n<li><code>IndexError<\/code>: \u4f7f\u7528\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u65f6<\/li>\n<li><code>KeyError<\/code>: \u4f7f\u7528\u6620\u5c04\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u952e\u65f6<\/li>\n<li><code>NameError<\/code> :\u5728\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u540d\u5b57\uff08\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\u65f6<\/li>\n<li><code>SyntaxError<\/code>: \u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e3a\u9519\u8bef\u5f62\u5f0f\u65f6\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>TypeError<\/code>: \u5728\u5185\u5efa\u64cd\u4f5c\u6216\u8005\u51fd\u6570\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u9519\u8bef\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6<\/li>\n<li><code>ValueError<\/code> \uff1a \u5728\u5185\u5efa\u64cd\u4f5c\u6216\u8005\u51fd\u6570\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6b63\u786e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u5408\u9002\u7684\u503c\u65f6<\/li>\n<li><code>ZeroDivisionError<\/code>: \u5728\u9664\u6cd5\u6216\u8005\u6a21\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u4e3a0\u65f6\u5f15\u53d1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>8.2 \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u5df2\u7ecf\u591f\u7528\u4e86\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u65f6\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u7ee7\u627f<code>Exception<\/code>\u7c7b\u5373\u53ef\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>class SomeCustomException(Exception):pass<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>8.3 \u6355\u6349\u5f02\u5e38<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7528<code>try\/except<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u6765\u6355\u6349\u5f02\u5e38\u5e76\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u5904\u7406<\/li>\n<li><code>try:<\/code>\u540e\u9762\u8ddf\u9700\u8981\u68c0\u67e5\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u8bed\u53e5<\/li>\n<li><code>except Exception:<\/code>\u540e\u9762\u8ddf\u5177\u4f53\u60f3\u8981\u6355\u6349\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406<\/li>\n<li>\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u4e2a<code>except<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u53ef\u4ee5\u518dtry\/except\u8bed\u53e5\u540e\u9762\u52a0\u4e2a<code>else:<\/code>\u5b50\u53e5<\/li>\n<li>\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a<code>finally:<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406<\/li>\n<li>\u4f8b\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code>try:\n   1\/0\nexcept NameError:\n   print (\"unknow variable\")\nelse: \n   print (\"that went well\")\nfinally:\n   print (\"cleaning up\")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>8.4 \u5f02\u5e38\u4e0e\u51fd\u6570<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5f02\u5e38\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u5f15\u53d1\u800c\u4e0d\u88ab\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u4f20\u64ad\u5230\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u5730\u65b9\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f20\u64ad\u5230\u4e3b\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u4e3b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd8\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f1a\u8ddf\u7740\u5806\u6808\u8ddf\u8e2a\u7ec8\u6b62\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u5f53\u7136\u67d0\u4e9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528<code>if\/else<\/code> \u5b9e\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u5904\u7406\u4f1a\u6bd4<code>try\/except<\/code>\u66f4\u597d\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1>chap9 \u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668<\/h1>\n<h2>9.1 \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><code>__init__()<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u88ab\u521b\u5efa\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u7acb\u5373\u8c03\u7528\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u60f3\u7ed9\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f20\u9012\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7c7b\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u628a\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u8fdb\u53bb\u5c31\u597d\u4e86\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li>\u91cd\u5199\u4e00\u822c\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\uff08\u5b50\u7c7b\uff09\u7ee7\u627f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\uff08\u6bcd\u7c7b\u3001\u8d85\u7c7b\uff09\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u5199\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u9996\u5148\u4f1a\u5728\u5b50\u7c7b\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u65b9\u6cd5<\/li>\n<li>\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4f1a\u518d\u53bb\u6bcd\u7c7b\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e<\/li>\n<li>\u4f46\u662f\u5b50\u7c7b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6bcd\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e00\u4e0b2\u30013\u70b9\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u8c03\u7528\u672a\u7ed1\u5b9a\u7684\u6bcd\u7c7b\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u5b50\u7c7b\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u884c<code>\u6bcd\u7c7b.__init__(self)<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528super\u51fd\u6570<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5728\u5b50\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u521d\u59cb\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u884c<code>super(\u6bcd\u7c7b,self).__init__()<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>9.2 \u6210\u5458\u8bbf\u95ee<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u548c\u6620\u5c04\u89c4\u5219<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5e8f\u5217\u548c\u6620\u5c04\u662f\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f7f\u7528\u524d2\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f7f\u75284\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>__len__(self):<\/code> \u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e94\u8be5\u8fd4\u56de\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u6240\u542b\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6570\u91cf\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>__getitem__(self, key):<\/code> \u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e0e\u6240\u7ed9\u952e\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>__setitem__(self,key,value):<\/code> \u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e94\u8be5\u6309\u7167\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\u548ckey\u76f8\u5173\u7684value\uff0c\u8be5\u503c\u968f\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528<code>__getitem__<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><code>__delitem__(self,key)<\/code>\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u5bf9\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f7f\u7528del\u8bed\u53e5\u65f6\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5fc5\u987b\u5220\u9664\u548c\u5143\u7d20\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u952e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u5b50\u7c7b\u5316\u5217\u8868\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u548c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u9700\u8981\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u7e41\u91cd\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5f88\u96be\u505a\u597d\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u60f3\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u7528\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a\u7ee7\u627f<\/li>\n<li>\u5c31\u662f\u5f53\u60f3\u8981\u5b50\u7c7b\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u5efa\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u4f8blist\uff09\uff0c\u5c31\u53bb\u7ee7\u627flist\u7c7b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u91cd\u5199\u81ea\u5df1\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>9.3 \u5c5e\u6027<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>property\u51fd\u6570<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u73b0\u5c06\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c01\u88c5\u6210\u5c5e\u6027\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8ePython\u4e2d@property\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u4f7f\u7528<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u9759\u6001\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u7c7b\u6210\u5458\u65b9\u6cd5<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u9759\u6001\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u7c7b\u6210\u5458\u65b9\u6cd5\u5206\u522b\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u88ab\u88c5\u5165Staticmethod\u7c7b\u578b\u548cClassmethod\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u9759\u6001\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u6ca1\u6709self\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7c7b\u672c\u8eab\u8c03\u7528\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u7c7b\u6210\u5458\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u540d\u4e3acls\u7684\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eself\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u7c7b\u6210\u5458\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u7c7b\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5bf9\u8c61\u8c03\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528<code>@<\/code>\u5728\u65b9\u6cd5\u6216\u8005\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4e0a\u65b9\u5c06\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u5217\u51fa\uff0c\u4f8b\uff1a<code>@staticmethod<\/code> <code>@classmethod<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>9.4 \u8fed\u4ee3\u5668<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u65b9\u6cd5<code>__iter__<\/code> \u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u57fa\u7840<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li>\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u89c4\u5219<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><code>__iter__<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668<\/li>\n<li>\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u6307\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u5177\u6709<code>next<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u8c03\u7528<code>next<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u65f6\uff0c\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4ed6\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5728python0.3\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3a<code>__next__<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u4ece\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5f97\u5230\u5e8f\u5217<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4f8b\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code>class TestIterator:\n    value=0\n    def __next__(self):\n        self.value+=1\n        if self.value &gt; 10  : raise StopIteration\n        return self.value\n   def __iter__(self):\n       return self\n\n\nti=TestIterator()\nlist(ti)\n# [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li><code>__iter__<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u81ea\u8eab<\/li>\n<li><code>__next__(self)<\/code>\u4e2d\u653e\u5165\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u4ed6\u8fed\u4ee3\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>9.5 \u751f\u6210\u5668<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u751f\u6210\u5668\u548c\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u8fd1\u51e0\u5e74\u6765\u5f15\u5165\u7684\u6700\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u751f\u6210\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u5199\u51fa\u975e\u5e38\u4f18\u96c5\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u751f\u6210\u5668\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u666e\u901a\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u8bed\u6cd5\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li>\u521b\u5efa\u751f\u6210\u5668<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u751f\u6210\u5668\u5c31\u50cf\u521b\u5efa\u51fd\u6570\u4e00\u6837\u7b80\u5355\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u4f8b\u5982\u8981\u628a<code>nested=[[1,2],[3,4],[5]]<\/code> \u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code>def flatten(nested):\n  for sublist in nested:\n    for element in sublist:\n      yield element\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4efb\u4f55\u5305\u542b<code>yield<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u79f0\u4e3a\u751f\u6210\u5668\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u751f\u6210\u5668\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u666e\u901a\u51fd\u6570\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5dee\u522b\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u50cfreturn\u90a3\u6837\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6bcf\u6b21\u4ea7\u751f\u591a\u4e2a\u503c\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u7528yield\u8bed\u53e5\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u51bb\u7ed3\uff1b\u5373\u51fd\u6570\u505c\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u7b49\u5f85\u88ab\u6fc0\u6d3b\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u88ab\u6fc0\u6d3b\u540e\u5c31\u4ece\u505c\u6b62\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u70b9\u5f00\u59cb\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u751f\u6210\u5668\u4e0a\u8fed\u4ee3\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u6240\u6709\u7684\u503c\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code>for num in flatten(nested):\n  print num\n\n# or\nlist(flatten(nested))\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u66f4\u591a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6709\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8bdd\u63a8\u8350\u770b\u8fd9\u91cc\u5427\uff1aPython\u7684\u751f\u6210\u5668<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u6682\u65f6\u5148\u66f4\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u5566~~~~~~~<\/p>\n<p>\u5e0c\u671b\u5927\u5bb6\u80fd\u4e00\u8d77\u5b66\u4e60\u563b\u563b<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e00 \u5199\u5728\u524d\u9762 \u672a\u7ecf\u5141\u8bb8\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u8f6c\u8f7d\uff0c\u8c22\u8c22~~ \u63a5\u89e6Python\u5e94\u8be5\u6709\u4e00\u5e74\u591a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4e86\uff0c\u51ed\u501f\u7740C++\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u8ba4\u771f&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-py0"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.vvipblog.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.vvipblog.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.vvipblog.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.vvipblog.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.vvipblog.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=15"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.vvipblog.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.vvipblog.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=15"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.vvipblog.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=15"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.vvipblog.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=15"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}